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Is Swar tal Kottonera bl Ingliż Cottonera Lines magħrufa wkoll bħala Is Swar ta Valperga huma linja ta fortifikazzjoni f

Swar tal Kottonera

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  • Swar tal Kottonera
Swar tal Kottonera
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Is-Swar tal-Kottonera (bl-Ingliż: Cottonera Lines) magħrufa wkoll bħala Is-Swar ta' Valperga huma linja ta' fortifikazzjoni f'Bormla u l-Birgu, Malta. Dawn inbnew fis-sekli 17 u 18 fuq art ogħla u aktar 'il barra mil-linja ta' fortifikazzjonijiet preċedenti, magħrufa bħala s-sur ta' Santa Margherita jew Firenzuola, li jdawru Bormla.

Storja

Fl-1638, il-bini tas-swar ta’ Santa Margerita beda madwar Bormla iżda x-xogħlijiet waqfu ftit wara minħabba nuqqas ta’ fondi, u baqgħu fi stat mhux lest.

Fl-1669, il-biża’ ta’ attakk Ottoman żdied wara l-waqgħa ta’ Candia, u belt ġdida, iċ-Civitas Cotonera, imsemmija għall-Gran Mastru renjanti, Nicolas Cotoner, ġiet iddisinjata mill-inġinier Taljan Antonio Maurizio Valperga, li mmodifika wkoll is-Swar tal-Furjana u xi fortifikazzjonijiet oħra tal-Port il-Kbir. Iċ-Civitas Cotonera kienet maħsuba biex toffri kenn lill-40,000 abitant tal-gżira u lill-annimali tagħhom waqt assedju.

Iċ-Civitas Cotonera kienet imsejħa “l-aktar xogħol ta’ fortifikazzjoni ambizzjuż li qatt sar mill-Kavallieri ta’ San Ġwann f’Malta.”

Il-bini taċ-Civita Cotonera u l-konverżjoni tal-fortifikazzjonijiet preċedenti fil-kastell ta' Santa Margherita, bdew fl-1670 iżda wara li faqqgħet il-pesta, li għenet biss biex titqiegħed aktar pressjoni fuq il-fondi tal-Ordni li kienu diġà baxxi, ix-xogħol twaqqaf. Fl-1680 miet il-Gran Mastru Nicolas Coroner u l-proġett tiegħu twaqqaf.

Sa dan iż-żmien, iċ-ċnut tas-swar kien fil-biċċa l-kbira lesti u partijiet mill-foss kienu ġew skavati, iżda partijiet kruċjali oħra bħal kavallieri, ravelini, il-żurżieqa u l--mogħdija kienu għadhom ma nbnewx.

Fil-bidu tas-seklu 18, saru xi sforzi biex jitlestew il-fortifikazzjonijiet tal-Kottonera. Kuntrarju għall-pjan tal-Gran Mastru Cotoner għal kastell fiċ-ċentru tal-belt il-ġdida, Santa Margherita tkompliet bħala linja ta’ fortifikazzjonijiet forma ta' sur.

Matul l-imblokk Franċiż tal-1798–1800, is-swar tal-Kottonera kienu maqbuda mill-Franċiżi. Ir-ribelli Maltin li kienu qamu kontrihom ħaffru gandott madwar il-Kottonera u s-swar l-oħra fiż-żona tal-port. Fil-viċinanzi nbnew ukoll numru ta’ batteriji u postijiet ta’ għassa, bħall- Batterija tal-Borg f'Ħal Tarxien u r-Ridott tal-Mitħna f'Ħaż-Żabbar. Intant, il-Franċiżi bbumbardjaw lill-Maltin f’Ħaż-Żabbar.

L-Ingliżi mmodifikaw iċ-Civitas Cotonera mhux kompluta fis-seklu 19 bil-bini tar-Sur ta’ San Klement, li għaqqad il-Cotonera mal-fortifikazzjonijiet ta’ Santa Margherita. Bħala parti minn dan il-proġett l-Ingliżi bnew ukoll il-Forti Verdala fl-istess sit li l-Granmastru Nicolas Cotoner kellu l-ħsieb li jibni l-kastell tiegħu. Fis-snin sebgħin tas-seklu dsatax twaqqgħu s-Swar ta’ Valperga u l-Putiera ta’ San Pawl, il-Bieb ta’ San Pawl u knisja ddedikata lil San Franġisk De Paule biex jagħmlu post għat-triq il-ġdida u l-mina ta’ Għajn Dwieli, li kienet tifforma parti minn estensjoni tat-.

Is-swar ġew inklużi fil-Lista tal-Antikitajiet tal-1925.

Oriġinarjament il-Kottonera kienet belt bejn il-linji tal-Kottonera u s-swar ta' Santa Margerita. Meta l-kavallieri ġew Malta u bdew jippjanaw proġetti, il-Kottonera u t-tlett ibliet kienu biċċa art kbira bl-isem ta’ Birmula. Kienet kbira biżżejjed biex tinqsam fi tliet bliet u parti jisimha Civitas Cotonera. Oriġinarjament din ma kienetx parti minn Bormla jew mill-Birgu.

Tqassim

Is-Swar tal-Kottonera jikkonsistu f'dawn il-bastjuni u l-ħitan purtiera li ġejjin (li jmorru f'dawran lemin mix-Xatt tal-Kalkara Creek għax-Xatt tal-Franċiżi):

  • Demi-Bastjun ta' San Lawrez – demi-bastjun b’żewġ saffi li jgħaqqad is-Swar tal-Kottonera mal-art ta' quddiem is-Swar tal-Birgu. Il-parti t'isfel ġarbet ħsarat fit-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija, u l-parti ta' fuq issa fiha skola.
  • Purtiera ta' San Salvatur – ħajt bejn id-Demi-Bastjun ta' San Lawrenz u Bastjun tas-Salvatur. Fiha Bieb San Salvatore u żewġ fetħiet moderni.
  • Bastjun ta’ San Salvatore – bastjun pentagonali mnaqqas bil- Forti San Salvatore, li nbena fl-1724.
  • Purtiera ta’ San Lwiġi – ħajt bejn is-Swar San Salvatore u San Lwiġi. Il-ħajt fih il-Bieb ta’ San Lwiġi li huwa mblukkat.
  • Bastjun ta’ San Lwiġi – bastjun pentagonali li fih post tat-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija ta’ mitralla, ċimiterju tas-seklu 19 u ġnien privat.
  • Purtiera ta’ San Ġakbu – ħajt bejn is-Swar ta’ San Lwiġi u San Ġakbu. Fih il-Bieb ta’ San Ġakbu li huwa mblukkat.
  • Bastjun ta’ San Ġakbu – bastjun pentagonali, li fih maħżental-porvli li wara nbidel f’kappella. Issa tifforma parti mill-grounds ta' .
  • Il-purtiera ta’ Notre Dame – ħajt bejn is-Swar ta’ San Ġakbu u ta’ Notre Dame. Fih Bieb is-Sultan (il-bieb prinċipali tal-swar) u żewġ fetħiet moderni. Oriġinarjament kien protett minn foss u tenaille, iżda dawn m'għadhomx jeżistu.
  • Notre Dame Bastion – bastjun pentagonali, li fih ridott tas-seklu 19.
  • ħajt bla isem bejn Notre Dame u s-Swar ta’ San Klement. Kien mibdul ħafna fis-seklu 19 meta ġie inkorporat fil-foss ta' San Klement, li jgħaqqad is-Swar tal-Kottonera mas-Swar ta' l- Santa Margerita. Il-ħajt huwa protett b'tenaille.
  • Is-Swar ta’ San Klement – bastjun pentagonali li nbidel ħafna fis-seklu 19 meta ġie inkorporat fil-foss ta’ San Klement. Fiha demi-bastijun u foss, maħżen tal-porvli u batterija ta’ kontra l-ajruplani taż-żmien tat-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija bi stazzjon ta’ kontroll u erba’ pedestalli tal-konkos.
  • Purtiera ta’ San Klement – ħajt bejn is-Swar ta' San Klement u San Nikola. Fih l-Bieb ta’ San Klement li huwa mblukkat.
  • Bastjun ta' San Nikola – bastjun pentagonali li fih batterija u blokka tal-kwartieri.
  • Purtiera ta’ San Nikola, magħrufa wkoll bħala l-ħajt tal- Polverista – ħajt bejn is-Swar San Nikola u San Ġwann. Fiha fetħa moderna b'arkata.
  • Bastjun ta' San Ġwann – bastjun pentagonali li fih batterija u gunpost tat-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija għal machine gun. Il-qasam tad-djar tal-gvern inbna fil-pjazza tagħha fl-1960ijiet.
  • Purtiera ta’ San Ġwann – ħajt bejn is-Swar ta' San Ġwann u San Pawl. Fih il-Bieb ta’ San Ġwann li huwa mblukkat.
  • Bastjun ta’ San Pawl – bastjun pentagonali. Fis-seklu 19, kien marbut mas-Swar ta' Kordin. Mina li tippermetti aċċess għat-Tliet Ibliet permezz tal-vetturi taqtgħet fil-bażi tas-swar fis-seklu 20.
  • Purtiera ta’ San Pawl – ħajt bejn is-Swar ta’ San Pawl u Valperga. Fih Bieb San Pawl, magħruf ukoll bħala Porta Haynduieli. Il-purtiera u l-grada ġew imwaqqgħin fis-snin 70 biex jagħmlu l-post għall-estensjoni tat-tarzna.
  • Bastjun ta' Valperga – demi-bastjun kbir li twaqqa’ fis-snin 70 biex jagħmel spazju għall-estensjoni tat-tarzna.

Illum, id-Demi-Bastjun ta' San Lawrenz sal-ħajt ta' Notre Dame jaqgħu fil-limiti tal-Birgu, filwaqt li minn Notre Dame sas-Swar ta' San Pawl jaqgħu fil-limiti ta' Bormla.

Referenzi

  1. ^ Stephenson, Charles (2004). The Fortifications of Malta 1530-1945. Osprey Publishing. p. 16. ISBN 1841766933.
  2. ^ : 4–33. Ċitazzjoni journal għandha bżonn |journal= (għajnuna); |title= nieqes jew vojt (għajnuna)
  3. ^ Zahra, Lorenzo (1981). "Cottonera Fortifications". Heritage: An Encyclopedia of Maltese Culture and Civilization (bl-Ingliż). Malta: Midsea Books. 3: 908.
  4. ^ "Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939". . Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal fl-19 April 2016.
  5. ^ "St Laurence Demi-bastion – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  6. ^ "San Salvatore Curtain – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  7. ^ "San Salvatore Gate – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  8. ^ "San Salvatore Bastion – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  9. ^ "Fort San Salvatore – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-14 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  10. ^ "St Louis Curtain – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  11. ^ "St Louis Gate – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  12. ^ "St Louis Bastion – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  13. ^ "St James Curtain – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  14. ^ "St James Gate – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  15. ^ "St James Bastion – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  16. ^ "Notre Dame de la Grace Curtain – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  17. ^ "Notre Dame de la Grace Gate – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  18. ^ "Notre Dame de la Grace Bastion – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  19. ^ "Curtain between Notre Dame Bastion and St Clement Bastions – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  20. ^ "Masonry tenaille in ditch – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  21. ^ "St Clements Bastion – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  22. ^ "St Clement's Curtain – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  23. ^ "St Clement Gate – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  24. ^ "St Nicholas Bastion – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  25. ^ "St Nicholas Curtain – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  26. ^ "St John Bastion – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  27. ^ "St John Curtain – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  28. ^ "St John Gate – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  29. ^ "St Paul Bastion – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  30. ^ "Gateways that have vanished: Porta Sant'Anna, Floriana & Porta Haynduieli, Cottonera". The Malta Independent. 29 April 2014. Miġbur 22 July 2015.
  31. ^ "St Paul Curtain – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal (PDF) fl-22 July 2015. Miġbur 22 July 2015.

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Data tal-pubblikazzjoni: 09 Ġun, 2025 / 20:51

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Is Swar tal Kottonera bl Ingliz Cottonera Lines magħrufa wkoll bħala Is Swar ta Valperga huma linja ta fortifikazzjoni f Bormla u l Birgu Malta Dawn inbnew fis sekli 17 u 18 fuq art ogħla u aktar il barra mil linja ta fortifikazzjonijiet preċedenti magħrufa bħala s sur ta Santa Margherita jew Firenzuola li jdawru Bormla StorjaFl 1638 il bini tas swar ta Santa Margerita beda madwar Bormla izda x xogħlijiet waqfu ftit wara minħabba nuqqas ta fondi u baqgħu fi stat mhux lest Fl 1669 il biza ta attakk Ottoman zdied wara l waqgħa ta Candia u belt ġdida iċ Civitas Cotonera imsemmija għall Gran Mastru renjanti Nicolas Cotoner ġiet iddisinjata mill inġinier Taljan Antonio Maurizio Valperga li mmodifika wkoll is Swar tal Furjana u xi fortifikazzjonijiet oħra tal Port il Kbir Iċ Civitas Cotonera kienet maħsuba biex toffri kenn lill 40 000 abitant tal gzira u lill annimali tagħhom waqt assedju Ritratt tal Gran Mastru Nicolas Cotoner bi pjanta tas Swar tal Kottonera Iċ Civitas Cotonera kienet imsejħa l aktar xogħol ta fortifikazzjoni ambizzjuz li qatt sar mill Kavallieri ta San Ġwann f Malta Il bini taċ Civita Cotonera u l konverzjoni tal fortifikazzjonijiet preċedenti fil kastell ta Santa Margherita bdew fl 1670 izda wara li faqqgħet il pesta li għenet biss biex titqiegħed aktar pressjoni fuq il fondi tal Ordni li kienu diġa baxxi ix xogħol twaqqaf Fl 1680 miet il Gran Mastru Nicolas Coroner u l proġett tiegħu twaqqaf Sa dan iz zmien iċ ċnut tas swar kien fil biċċa l kbira lesti u partijiet mill foss kienu ġew skavati izda partijiet kruċjali oħra bħal kavallieri ravelini il zurzieqa u l mogħdija kienu għadhom ma nbnewx Fil bidu tas seklu 18 saru xi sforzi biex jitlestew il fortifikazzjonijiet tal Kottonera Kuntrarju għall pjan tal Gran Mastru Cotoner għal kastell fiċ ċentru tal belt il ġdida Santa Margherita tkompliet bħala linja ta fortifikazzjonijiet forma ta sur Matul l imblokk Franċiz tal 1798 1800 is swar tal Kottonera kienu maqbuda mill Franċizi Ir ribelli Maltin li kienu qamu kontrihom ħaffru gandott madwar il Kottonera u s swar l oħra fiz zona tal port Fil viċinanzi nbnew ukoll numru ta batteriji u postijiet ta għassa bħall Batterija tal Borg f Ħal Tarxien u r Ridott tal Mitħna f Ħaz Zabbar Intant il Franċizi bbumbardjaw lill Maltin f Ħaz Zabbar L Inglizi mmodifikaw iċ Civitas Cotonera mhux kompluta fis seklu 19 bil bini tar Sur ta San Klement li għaqqad il Cotonera mal fortifikazzjonijiet ta Santa Margherita Bħala parti minn dan il proġett l Inglizi bnew ukoll il Forti Verdala fl istess sit li l Granmastru Nicolas Cotoner kellu l ħsieb li jibni l kastell tiegħu Fis snin sebgħin tas seklu dsatax twaqqgħu s Swar ta Valperga u l Putiera ta San Pawl il Bieb ta San Pawl u knisja ddedikata lil San Franġisk De Paule biex jagħmlu post għat triq il ġdida u l mina ta Għajn Dwieli li kienet tifforma parti minn estensjoni tat Is swar ġew inkluzi fil Lista tal Antikitajiet tal 1925 Oriġinarjament il Kottonera kienet belt bejn il linji tal Kottonera u s swar ta Santa Margerita Meta l kavallieri ġew Malta u bdew jippjanaw proġetti il Kottonera u t tlett ibliet kienu biċċa art kbira bl isem ta Birmula Kienet kbira bizzejjed biex tinqsam fi tliet bliet u parti jisimha Civitas Cotonera Oriġinarjament din ma kienetx parti minn Bormla jew mill Birgu TqassimIs Swar tal Kottonera jikkonsistu f dawn il bastjuni u l ħitan purtiera li ġejjin li jmorru f dawran lemin mix Xatt tal Kalkara Creek għax Xatt tal Franċizi Demi Bastjun ta San Lawrez demi bastjun b zewġ saffi li jgħaqqad is Swar tal Kottonera mal art ta quddiem is Swar tal Birgu Il parti t isfel ġarbet ħsarat fit Tieni Gwerra Dinjija u l parti ta fuq issa fiha skola Purtiera ta San Salvatur ħajt bejn id Demi Bastjun ta San Lawrenz u Bastjun tas Salvatur Fiha Bieb San Salvatore u zewġ fetħiet moderni Mappa tas Swar San Salvatore inkluz il Forti San Salvatore u l ħitan ta maġenbhom Bastjun ta San Salvatore bastjun pentagonali mnaqqas bil Forti San Salvatore li nbena fl 1724 Purtiera ta San Lwiġi ħajt bejn is Swar San Salvatore u San Lwiġi Il ħajt fih il Bieb ta San Lwiġi li huwa mblukkat Bastjun ta San Lwiġi bastjun pentagonali li fih post tat Tieni Gwerra Dinjija ta mitralla ċimiterju tas seklu 19 u ġnien privat Purtiera ta San Ġakbu ħajt bejn is Swar ta San Lwiġi u San Ġakbu Fih il Bieb ta San Ġakbu li huwa mblukkat Bastjun ta San Ġakbu bastjun pentagonali li fih maħzental porvli li wara nbidel f kappella Issa tifforma parti mill grounds ta Bieb is Sultan il bieb prinċipali tas Swar tal Kottonera Il purtiera ta Notre Dame ħajt bejn is Swar ta San Ġakbu u ta Notre Dame Fih Bieb is Sultan il bieb prinċipali tal swar u zewġ fetħiet moderni Oriġinarjament kien protett minn foss u tenaille izda dawn m għadhomx jezistu Notre Dame Bastion bastjun pentagonali li fih ridott tas seklu 19 ħajt bla isem bejn Notre Dame u s Swar ta San Klement Kien mibdul ħafna fis seklu 19 meta ġie inkorporat fil foss ta San Klement li jgħaqqad is Swar tal Kottonera mas Swar ta l Santa Margerita Il ħajt huwa protett b tenaille Is Swar ta San Klement bastjun pentagonali li nbidel ħafna fis seklu 19 meta ġie inkorporat fil foss ta San Klement Fiha demi bastijun u foss maħzen tal porvli u batterija ta kontra l ajruplani taz zmien tat Tieni Gwerra Dinjija bi stazzjon ta kontroll u erba pedestalli tal konkos Purtiera ta San Klement ħajt bejn is Swar ta San Klement u San Nikola Fih l Bieb ta San Klement li huwa mblukkat Bastjun ta San Nikola bastjun pentagonali li fih batterija u blokka tal kwartieri Purtiera ta San Nikola magħrufa wkoll bħala l ħajt tal Polverista ħajt bejn is Swar San Nikola u San Ġwann Fiha fetħa moderna b arkata Bastjun ta San Ġwann bastjun pentagonali li fih batterija u gunpost tat Tieni Gwerra Dinjija għal machine gun Il qasam tad djar tal gvern inbna fil pjazza tagħha fl 1960ijiet Purtiera ta San Ġwann ħajt bejn is Swar ta San Ġwann u San Pawl Fih il Bieb ta San Ġwann li huwa mblukkat Bastjun ta San Pawl bastjun pentagonali Fis seklu 19 kien marbut mas Swar ta Kordin Mina li tippermetti aċċess għat Tliet Ibliet permezz tal vetturi taqtgħet fil bazi tas swar fis seklu 20 Purtiera ta San Pawl ħajt bejn is Swar ta San Pawl u Valperga Fih Bieb San Pawl magħruf ukoll bħala Porta Haynduieli Il purtiera u l grada ġew imwaqqgħin fis snin 70 biex jagħmlu l post għall estensjoni tat tarzna Bastjun ta Valperga demi bastjun kbir li twaqqa fis snin 70 biex jagħmel spazju għall estensjoni tat tarzna Illum id Demi Bastjun ta San Lawrenz sal ħajt ta Notre Dame jaqgħu fil limiti tal Birgu filwaqt li minn Notre Dame sas Swar ta San Pawl jaqgħu fil limiti ta Bormla Referenzi Stephenson Charles 2004 The Fortifications of Malta 1530 1945 Osprey Publishing p 16 ISBN 1841766933 4 33 Ċitazzjoni journal għandha bzonn journal għajnuna title nieqes jew vojt għajnuna Zahra Lorenzo 1981 Cottonera Fortifications Heritage An Encyclopedia of Maltese Culture and Civilization bl Ingliz Malta Midsea Books 3 908 Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932 as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal fl 19 April 2016 St Laurence Demi bastion Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 San Salvatore Curtain Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 San Salvatore Gate Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 San Salvatore Bastion Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 Fort San Salvatore Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 14 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St Louis Curtain Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St Louis Gate Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St Louis Bastion Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St James Curtain Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St James Gate Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St James Bastion Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 Notre Dame de la Grace Curtain Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 Notre Dame de la Grace Gate Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 Notre Dame de la Grace Bastion Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 Curtain between Notre Dame Bastion and St Clement Bastions Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 Masonry tenaille in ditch Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St Clements Bastion Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St Clement s Curtain Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St Clement Gate Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St Nicholas Bastion Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St Nicholas Curtain Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St John Bastion Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St John Curtain Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St John Gate Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St Paul Bastion Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 Gateways that have vanished Porta Sant Anna Floriana amp Porta Haynduieli Cottonera The Malta Independent 29 April 2014 Miġbur 22 July 2015 St Paul Curtain Cottonera Lines PDF National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands 28 June 2013 Arkivjat minn l oriġinal PDF fl 22 July 2015 Miġbur 22 July 2015 Ħoloq esterniInventarju Nazzjonali tal Proprjeta Kulturali tal Gzejjer Maltin

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