Glires huwa klad ta mammiferi li jiġbor fih ir rodituri u l lagomorfi Dan il klad qiegħed ikklasifikat fil klassi Mammal
Glires

Glires huwa klad ta' mammiferi li jiġbor fih ir-rodituri u l-lagomorfi. Dan il-klad qiegħed ikklasifikat, fil-klassi Mammalia, fis-sottoklassi Theria, fl-infraklassi Eutheria u fis-superordni Euarchontoglires.
Glires Firxa tal-fossili: Kmieni fil- - Reċenti | |
---|---|
Lemming tan-Norveġja | |
Klassifikazzjoni xjentifika | |
Renju: | Animalia |
Klassi: | |
Sottoklassi: | Eutheria |
Superordni: | Euarchontoglires |
Ordnijiet | |
Glires jiġbor fiħ żewġ ordnijiet Lagomorpha u u flimkien ma' klad ieħor, l-Euarchonta, jiffurmaw is-superordni Euarchontoglires.
L-ipoteżi li dawn iż-żewġ ordnijiet jiffurmaw grupp bbażat fuq evidenza morfoloġika, kienet ilha f'dibattitu għal żmien twil. Dati reċenti tal-2001 ibbażati fuq DNA jsostnu li Glires u Euarchonta huma gruppi jew aħjar kladi aħwa u li flimkien jiffurmaw is-superordni Euarchontoglires, għalkemm dati ġenetiċi oħrajn, kemm DNA nukleari kif ukoll DNA mitokondrijali kienu jsostnu inqas dawn il-gruppi.
Euarchontoglires |
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Klassifikazzjoni
- Klassi Mammalia
- Sottoklassi Theria
- Infraklassi Eutheria
- Superordni Euarchontoglires
- Klad Glires
- Ordni Lagomorpha
- Ordni
- Klad Glires
- Superordni Euarchontoglires
- Infraklassi Eutheria
- Sottoklassi Theria
Referenzi
- Madsen O., M. Scally, C. J. Douady, D. J. Kao, R. W. DeBry, R. Adkins, H. M. Amrine, M. J. Stanhope, W. W. de Jong, M. S. Springer, 2001 Parallel adaptive radiations in two major clades of placental mammals Nature 409:610-614. [1]
- Murphy W. J., E. Eizirik, W. E. Johnson, Y. P. Zhang, O. A. Ryder, S. J. O'Brien, 2001a. Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals Nature 409:614-618. [2]
- Ulfur Arnason, et al. Mammalian mitogenomic relationships and the root of the eutherian tree. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 99: 8151-8156. [3]
- R. M. Nowak, Walker's Mammals of the World (Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, Baltimore, MD, ed. 6, 1999).
- F. S. Szalay, M. J. Novacek, M. C. McKenna, Eds., Mammal Phylogeny: Placentals (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993).
- W. W. de Jong, Trends Ecol. Evol. 13, 270 (1998).
- P. J. Waddell, N. Okada, M. Hasegawa, Syst. Biol. 48, 1 (1999).
- A. G. Kluge, Syst. Zool. 38, 7 (1989).
- M. J. Sanderson, A. Purvis, C. Henze, Trends Ecol. Evol. 13, 105 (1998).
- A. Purvis, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. B 348, 405 (1995).
- O. R. P. Bininda-Emonds, J. L. Gittleman, A. Purvis, Biol. Rev. 74, 143 (1999).
- In cases of more than one MP solution, a strict consensus tree can serve to summarize the agreement among these alternatives (8, 32).
- O. R. P. Bininda-Emonds, M. J. Sanderson, Syst. Biol., in press.
- A. Graybeal, Syst. Biol. 47, 9 (1998).
- A. Mitchell, C. Mitter, J. C. Regier, Syst. Biol. 49, 202 (2000).
- G. G. Simpson, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 85, 1 (1945) [ISI].
- M. C. McKenna, S. K. Bell, Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level (Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 1997).
- J. Shoshani and M. C. McKenna, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 9, 572 (1998).
- F.-G. R. Liu and M. M. Miyamoto, Syst. Biol. 48, 54 (1999).
- J. Gatesy, M. Milinkovitch, V. Waddell, M. Stanhope, Syst. Biol. 48, 6 (1999).
- M. Nikaido, A. P. Rooney, N. Okada, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96, 10261 (1999).
- M. J. Stanhope, et al., Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 9, 501 (1998).
- M. J. Stanhope, et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95, 9967 (1998).
- The other representative of Afrosoricida (Tenrecidae) was excluded from the molecular analysis because of its extensive missing data (only 100 scored binary characters for this partition).
- E. C. Teeling, et al., Nature 403, 188 (2000).
- S. J. O'Brien et al., Science 286, 463 (1999).
- P. J. Waddell, Y. Cao, J. Hauf, M. Hasegawa, Syst. Biol. 48, 31 (1999).
- M. S. Springer, H. M. Amrine, A. Burk, M. J. Stanhope, Syst. Biol. 48, 65 (1999).
- O. R. P. Bininda-Emonds, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 16, 113 (2000).
- D. L. Swofford, PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (* and Other Methods), version 4 (Sinauer, Sunderland, MA, 1998).
- B. R. Baum, Taxon 41, 3 (1992).
- M. A. Ragan, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 1, 53 (1992).
- A. Purvis, Syst. Biol. 44, 251 (1995).
- D. E. Wilson, D. M. Reeder, Eds., Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, 1993).
- K. Bremer, Evolution 42, 795 (1988)
Ħoloq esterni
- Molecular and Morphological Supertrees for Eutherian (Placental) Mammals
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Glires huwa klad ta mammiferi li jiġbor fih ir rodituri u l lagomorfi Dan il klad qiegħed ikklasifikat fil klassi Mammalia fis sottoklassi Theria fl infraklassi Eutheria u fis superordni Euarchontoglires Glires Firxa tal fossili Kmieni fil Reċenti Lemming tan Norveġja Klassifikazzjoni xjentifika Renju Animalia Klassi Sottoklassi Eutheria Superordni Euarchontoglires Ordnijiet Lagomorpha Pika Amerikana Ochotona princeps membru tal klad Glires u speċi tal ordni Lagomorpha Glires jiġbor fiħ zewġ ordnijiet Lagomorpha u u flimkien ma klad ieħor l Euarchonta jiffurmaw is superordni Euarchontoglires L ipotezi li dawn iz zewġ ordnijiet jiffurmaw grupp bbazat fuq evidenza morfoloġika kienet ilha f dibattitu għal zmien twil Dati reċenti tal 2001 ibbazati fuq DNA jsostnu li Glires u Euarchonta huma gruppi jew aħjar kladi aħwa u li flimkien jiffurmaw is superordni Euarchontoglires għalkemm dati ġenetiċi oħrajn kemm DNA nukleari kif ukoll DNA mitokondrijali kienu jsostnu inqas dawn il gruppi Euarchontoglires Glires Lagomorpha fniek u piki Euarchonta Scandentia tupaji Dermoptera kolugi Plesiadapiformes KlassifikazzjoniKlassi Mammalia Sottoklassi Theria Infraklassi Eutheria Superordni Euarchontoglires Klad Glires Ordni Lagomorpha OrdniReferenziMadsen O M Scally C J Douady D J Kao R W DeBry R Adkins H M Amrine M J Stanhope W W de Jong M S Springer 2001 Parallel adaptive radiations in two major clades of placental mammals Nature 409 610 614 1 Murphy W J E Eizirik W E Johnson Y P Zhang O A Ryder S J O Brien 2001a Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals Nature 409 614 618 2 Ulfur Arnason et al Mammalian mitogenomic relationships and the root of the eutherian tree Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 99 8151 8156 3 R M Nowak Walker s Mammals of the World Johns Hopkins Univ Press Baltimore MD ed 6 1999 F S Szalay M J Novacek M C McKenna Eds Mammal Phylogeny Placentals Springer Verlag New York 1993 W W de Jong Trends Ecol Evol 13 270 1998 P J Waddell N Okada M Hasegawa Syst Biol 48 1 1999 A G Kluge Syst Zool 38 7 1989 M J Sanderson A Purvis C Henze Trends Ecol Evol 13 105 1998 A Purvis Philos Trans R Soc London Ser B 348 405 1995 O R P Bininda Emonds J L Gittleman A Purvis Biol Rev 74 143 1999 In cases of more than one MP solution a strict consensus tree can serve to summarize the agreement among these alternatives 8 32 O R P Bininda Emonds M J Sanderson Syst Biol in press A Graybeal Syst Biol 47 9 1998 A Mitchell C Mitter J C Regier Syst Biol 49 202 2000 G G Simpson Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 85 1 1945 ISI M C McKenna S K Bell Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level Columbia Univ Press New York 1997 J Shoshani and M C McKenna Mol Phylogenet Evol 9 572 1998 F G R Liu and M M Miyamoto Syst Biol 48 54 1999 J Gatesy M Milinkovitch V Waddell M Stanhope Syst Biol 48 6 1999 M Nikaido A P Rooney N Okada Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96 10261 1999 M J Stanhope et al Mol Phylogenet Evol 9 501 1998 M J Stanhope et al Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95 9967 1998 The other representative of Afrosoricida Tenrecidae was excluded from the molecular analysis because of its extensive missing data only 100 scored binary characters for this partition E C Teeling et al Nature 403 188 2000 S J O Brien et al Science 286 463 1999 P J Waddell Y Cao J Hauf M Hasegawa Syst Biol 48 31 1999 M S Springer H M Amrine A Burk M J Stanhope Syst Biol 48 65 1999 O R P Bininda Emonds Mol Phylogenet Evol 16 113 2000 D L Swofford PAUP Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony and Other Methods version 4 Sinauer Sunderland MA 1998 B R Baum Taxon 41 3 1992 M A Ragan Mol Phylogenet Evol 1 53 1992 A Purvis Syst Biol 44 251 1995 D E Wilson D M Reeder Eds Mammal Species of the World A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference Smithsonian Institution Press Washington DC 1993 K Bremer Evolution 42 795 1988 Ħoloq esterniMolecular and Morphological Supertrees for Eutherian Placental Mammals